| Military payroll (U.S., PLA, AFP) |
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Military payroll costs vary significantly among the United States, China, and the Philippines, reflecting differences in budget size, force structure, and compensation practices. The U.S. spends the most, with annual payroll expenses reaching $180–200 billion—about 20–23% of its $886 billion defense budget. This supports 1.3 million active-duty troops, 800,000 reservists, and over 700,000 civilian employees with competitive salaries, extensive benefits, and robust veteran support. China’s People’s Liberation Army, the world’s largest standing force at 2 million, allocates around $50–70 billion (20–25% of a $300–350 billion actual defense budget) to payroll, featuring lower wages and benefits, with an emphasis on quantity and strategic elite units. The Philippines, with a $4.5 billion military budget, spends approximately $1.5–2 billion (35–40%) on payroll for 150,000 active-duty personnel—resulting in the lowest per-soldier cost and constrained by limited benefits and modernization challenges. The disparity reflects national priorities: U.S. investments focus on retention and quality, China balances quantity and rising specialization, while the Philippines prioritizes manpower for security and internal stability.